The Facts About Parkinsons Disease
Parkinsons disease is a progressive neurogenerative disease that causes nerve cells in the area of the brain that controls movement to weaken and/or die. While healthy neurons produce a chemical called dopamine, which the brain needs a certain amount of in order to regulate movement, weakened neurons produce lower levels of dopamine. What causes these neurons to weaken is currently unknown.
Some patients with Parkinsons disease also suffer from a decline in norepinephrine, a chemical that transmits signals across nerve endings and controls various functions, such as blood pressure and heart rate.
More than 10 million people worldwide are currently living with Parkinsons disease and nearly one million will be living with the disease in the United States this year, according to the Parkinsons Foundation.
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The 8 Hidden Causes Your Doctor Will Not Tell You About Your Parkinsons Condition
The word Parkinsons can send a shiver down anyones spine with the impending fear of total neuro-degeneration and future disability, both mentally and physically.
The real question is.do you even have Parkinsons disease? Have you been told its Parkinsonian syndrome, multiple systems atrophy, essential tremor, or cerebellar ataxia? Or some other neurological problem? Either way, you need to find answers as to why your brain is deteriorating and degenerating so you can have a plan to stop this from worsening and possibly reverse some of these symptoms.
Many Parkinsons patients are diagnosed very late, when in fact early soft signs were apparent 10 to 30 years prior to the diagnosis.
Dr. Russell Blaylock, the renowned Neuro-Surgeon, states that the drug mainstay treatment that most patients will receive will almost guarantee they will get worse in 2-5 years, and it even appears to speed the deterioration! Get worse and speed the deterioration doesnot sound like great odds.
In our office we have identified 8 hidden root functional causes of trans-neuronal degeneration/brain degeneration that must be accurately measured to get a proper root functional cause diagnosis. Once we have an accurate root functional cause diagnosis, we can then design a custom treatment plan aimed at getting you lasting resultsto prevent further decline and restore function for many patients that qualify.
Pd Incidence Ages 45+
Table displays PD incidence estimates for ages 45+, calculated using Ontario, KPNC and REP data. As expected, including low-risk age groups reduced overall PD incidence estimates substantially from 108 to 47/100, 000 , from 125 to 53/100,000 , and from 185 to 77/100,000 .
Table 2 Incidence of Parkinson disease by study, sex, among adults ages 45 and older.
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Prevalence/incidence Of Parkinson Disease In The Us
The mean prevalence of Parkinson disease per 100,000 Medicare beneficiaries over age 65 from 1995, and 20002005 was 1,588.43 or approximately 1.6% of the elderly population. The mean annual incidence from 2002 to 2005 was 445.79 . The mean prevalence of Parkinson disease steadily increased with age, with no apparent plateau, from 553.52 between ages 6569, to 2,948.93 per 100,000 at ages 85 and above. Similarly, mean Parkinson disease incidence also appears to increase with age, from 124.22 between ages 6569 to 970.19 among those greater than 85 years of age. The incidence and prevalence of Parkinson disease have remained stable over the 10-year period from 1995 to 2005 .
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These Events Are Always Free For All Caregivers
Urinary Incontinence
People diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease can suffer from bladder difficulties. The most common symptoms experienced by people diagnosed with Parkinson’s are the need to urinate frequently or the trouble delaying urination once the need is perceived, creating a sense of urinary urgency.
Caregivers Guide to
Bed Mobility
Caregiving can be exhausting. When evening arrives, rest is the best medicine to restore and renew your mind and body. Here are some tips to make your bedtime routine less stressful.
Caregivers Guide: Eating with Ease
Being a caregiver can be a tiring job. You are trying to care for your loved one and trying to find the right solutions to ease your day-to-day stressors. When you feel all alone in the world, you can rest assured that you are not alone! Our Caregivers guide will help you solve some of your problems without needing to spend time on Google. Rest your mind you are in a community of support!
Top 10 Ways to #BeASelfCareGiver
Every November, the Parkinsons Foundation joins with organizations across the country to honor care partners for National Family Caregivers Month. This year, we are reminding care partners about the importance of caring for themselves while caring for a loved one with Parkinsons.Read our 10 meaningful ways you can #BeASelfCareGiver.
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Incidence And Prevalence Mf Ratios
Among 457027 persons with at least one reimbursement of antiparkinsonian drugs in 2010, 188562 persons were predicted as being treated for PD, of whom 10723 died in 2010. The corrected number of prevalent cases was 149672 . Among persons treated for PD in 2010, 29940 were new cases. The corrected number of incident cases was 25438 . There were no important sex differences among prevalent and incident PD cases for characteristics included in the prediction model .
Systematic review of age-specific male-to-female incidence ratios of Parkinsons disease. Circles represent observed male-to-female incidence ratios for each study by age-by-sex strata, estimated by modelling incidence through Poisson regression their size is proportional to the variance of the male-to-female incidence ratios, and more precise estimates are represented by larger circles. Solid line, linear regression of male-to-female incidence ratios weighted by the inverse of their variance on age . Dashed line, 95% CIs of the linear regression.
Writing And Talking About Parkinson’s
Based on feedback from the Parkinson’s community, here are the preferred words and terms for talking about Parkinson’s, and the ones to avoid. If you’re unsure about any of this, please get in touch with our Media and PR team:
- When describing people with, affected by, or living with Parkinson’s, use ‘people living with Parkinson’s’.
- Avoid saying ‘suffering’, ‘surviving’, ‘battling’. Also avoid ‘victims’ or ‘sufferers’.
Parkinson’s, symptoms and medication:
- When talking about Parkinson’s, always refer to it as simply ‘Parkinson’s’ or a/the ‘condition’.
- Avoid saying ‘Parkinson’s disease’.
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Incidence Of Parkinsons Disease 50% Higher Than Previous Estimates
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The annual incidence of Parkinsons disease among adults aged 65 years and older is 50% higher than previous estimates of 60,000 diagnoses annually, researchers reported in NPJ Parkinsons Disease.
Parkinsons disease is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative condition diagnosed in North America, James Beck, PhD, senior vice president and chief scientific officer at the Parkinsons Foundation, and colleagues wrote.
James Beck
As it stands now, there is no cure for the disease, Beck told Healio. In fact, we do not know what causes Parkinsons disease we do not know how it progresses, we do not know how to actually measure or diagnose it and we do not know how to stop it.
Beck and colleagues used multiple epidemiological data sources to assess the incidence of PD among Americans aged 45 years and older, from five epidemiological cohorts in North America in 2012.
Incidence of PD ranged from 108 to 212 per 100,000 people aged 65 years and older, and from 47 to 77 per 100,000 people aged 45 years and older. Incidence estimates were higher among men in both cohorts.
The true implication of this study is that it is a real recognition that there are more people who are getting diagnosed and living with Parkinsons disease than we had realized before, Beck said.
Reference:
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Geographic Distribution Of Parkinson Disease In The Us
The incidence and prevalence of Parkinson disease varied significantly across the United States. Disease rates were highest in the Midwest and Northeast regions, where the incidence and prevalence of Parkinson disease were 210 times greater than the rates of many Western and Southern US counties. The median relative risk and interquartile relative risk indicated that the spatial variations of the incidence and prevalence were considerable .
County level age- and race-standardized incidence of Parkinson disease among Medicare beneficiaries in the United States .
Parkinsons disease has four main symptoms:
- Tremor in hands, arms, legs, jaw, or head
- Stiffness of the limbs and trunk
- Slowness of movement
- Impaired balance and coordination, sometimes leading to falls
Other symptoms may include depression and other emotional changes difficulty swallowing, chewing, and speaking urinary problems or constipationskin problems and sleep disruptions.
Symptoms of Parkinsons and the rate of progression differ among individuals. Sometimes people dismiss early symptoms of Parkinsons as the effects of normal aging. In most cases, there are no medical tests to definitively detect the disease, so it can be difficult to diagnose accurately.
People with Parkinsons often develop a parkinsonian gait that includes a tendency to lean forward, small quick steps as if hurrying forward, and reduced swinging of the arms. They also may have trouble initiating or continuing movement.
Trends In Ylds Caused By Pd
In 2019, the number of YLDs caused by PD was 1210.09 × 103 globally, with an increase of 154.73% since 1990. The overall ASR of YLDs reported an increasing trend from 1990 to 2019, with the EAPC of 0.53 . Male patients had a higher burden, and undertook a larger increasing trend than female patients . Among the age groups, the highest YLD number was seen in the age group of over 80 years , and the percentage increased pronouncedly among the patients aged 45 years old .
Table 2. The changes in YLDs of Parkinsons disease worldwide, and in sexes, SDI areas, and regions, 19902019.
The upward trend in the ASR of YLDs occurred in all SDI areas from 1990 to 2019, particularly the middle one . In terms of geographic regions, the largest number of YLDs was seen in East Asia , while the lowest one was in Oceania . The percentage of YLDs number increased from 27.97% in Eastern Europe to 256.90% in Central Latin America during 19902019. The ASR of YLDs ranged from 8.01/100,000 in Eastern SubSaharan Africa to 20.84/100,000 in East Asia. Increasing trends in the ASR of YLDs occurred in most regions, particularly East Asia . However, a minor decreasing trend was found in Oceania . The ASRs of YLDs were positively associated with SDI among the regions in 2019 .
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Prevalence Rate Of Parkinsons Disease
- Helena M.van der Holst, MD, Radboud university medical center, Donders Institue for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Center for [email protected]
- F.E. De Leeuw, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
We thank Prof. Kazuo Abe for his remarks on our recent article. Large studies investigating worldwide incidence and prevalence of Parkinson disease and parkinsonism are scarce. In prevalence studies, often only idiopathic PD is considered. It has been suggested that Asian populations have a lower prevalence of PD than in North America, Europe, and Australia. However, other etiologies of parkinsonism are frequently excluded and the possible concomitant prevalence of cerebral small vessel disease in study populations is usually not taken into account.
In a recent study on the prevalence of parkinsonism in a Japanese elderly population, 70 of 729 participants were diagnosed with parkinsonism and 21 of the 70 received a diagnosis of vascular parkinsonism . This was the most frequently observed diagnosis in the population, which is uncommon in community-dwelling populations in Western countries where PD is the prevailing observed etiology. This trend might be in line with the higher prevalence of vascular dementia in Japan compared to Alzheimer dementia.
1. van der Holst HM, van Uden IW, Tuladhar AM, et al. Cerebral small vessel disease and incident parkinsonism: The RUN DMC study. Neurology Epub 2015 Oct 7.
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Prevalence Of Parkinsons State
Western and Southern states appear to have lower rates of Parkinsons disease, while Northeastern and many Midwestern states have higher rates . Mississippi and Montana have the lowest rates of Parkinsons, at 5.1 per 10,000. Vermont has the highest rate of Parkinsons at 9.9 per 10,000.
Exhibit 2: Prevalence of Parkinsons Disease, by geography
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Selected Scientific Articles By Our Researchers
Synergy of pandemics-social isolation is associated with worsened Parkinson severity and quality of life. Subramanian I, Farahnik J, Mischley LK. Social isolation was associated with greater patient-reported PD severity and lower quality of life, although it is unclear whether this is the cause or a consequence of the disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2020 Oct 8 6:28.
REM sleep behavior disorder in Parkinsons disease: effects on cognitive, psychiatric, and functional outcomes. Mahmood Z, Van Patten R, Nakhia MZ Twamley EW, Filoteo JV, Schiehser DM. Disordered sleep is linked to poorer mental function in patients with PD. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2020 Oct 26:894-905.
Characterizing dysbiosis of gut microbiome in PD: evidence for overabundance of opportunistic pathogens. Wallen ZD, Appah M, Dean MN, Sesler CL, Factor SA, Molho E, Zabetian CP, Standaert DG, Payami H. There is a significant overabundance of a cluster of opportunistic pathogens in the guts of persons with PD. NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2020 Jun 12 6:11.
Spatial Analysis Of Smoking Behavior
Since studies have consistently demonstrated a protective effect of smoking on incident Parkinson disease, we examined the geographic distribution of smoking behavior and Parkinson disease using data from the National Center for Health Care Statistics . Ever smoker rates for those survey respondents aged 65 and above were calculated for each state from the years 2000 to 2006 and compared to mean state Parkinson disease prevalence from 2000 to 2005 using a Spearman correlation analysis.
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Why Are Rates Increasing
The simplest answer is that Americans are getting older. This probably explains rising rates in states like Florida, which are destinations for retirees.
There’s also an odd connection seen between smoking and Parkinson’s, where heavy smokers appear less likely to develop the disease, Beck said.
As smoking rates have fallen, Parkinson’s rates have risen, he said, though it may be that smoking is a marker for something else rather than that tobacco itself is protective.
Increases in places like Ohio and Pennsylvania may be driven by a variety of factors, including better awareness and environmental toxics from heavy industry.
Parkinsons Increases As Alzheimers Decreases
Recent research shows that dementia rates have declined by 13% each decade over the last 25 years.
When asked why Parkinsons might be increases as Alzheimers and other forms of dementia seem to be decreasing, Matt Farrer, Ph.D., neurologist and Lauren and Lee Fixel Chair and Professor of Neurology at the University of Florida, not involved in the study, explained to MNT:
Dementias decline in incidence adjusted for life expectancy and population size which are increasing can be ascribed to changes in lifestyle and education and more widespread use of blood pressure, cholesterol, and anti-inflammatory medications in elderly populations.
Dr. Farrer added that its difficult to say why PD is becoming more common. While a general rise in the condition correlates with industrialization he noted that its tricky to try to pin down specific causes.
Dr. Paulina Gonzalez-Latapi, MSc, instructor of neurology at Northwestern University, not involved in the study, told MNT that environment plays an important role in most cases of PD. Pesticide and heavy metal exposure may contribute to the development of PD even decades before the onset of symptoms, Dr. Gonzalez-Latapi explained.
MNT also spoke with Paramita Chakrabarty, Ph.D., associate professor at the Department of Neuroscience at the University of Florida.
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Limitations Of Estimating Pd Prevalence
When asked about the limitations of the study, Dr. Natalie Diaz, a board-certified neurologist at the Pacific Movements Disorder Center at Pacific Neuroscience Institute at Providence Little Company of Mary Medical Center Torrance in Torrance, CA, not involved in the study, told MNT:
While the study looks at PD incidence by age, sex, and geographical variation in each of the datasets, there is no mention of racial and ethnic differences. Caucasian and Hispanic populations have a higher incidence of PD as compared to African, American Indian, or Asian populations. Could race and ethnicity play a role in regional differences of incidence or could the changing demographics of our nation play a role in the increase of the projected incidence of PD in North America?
Dr. Shilpa Chitnis, Ph.D., professor of neurology at UT Southwestern Medical Center, not involved in the study, added that the data may be unrepresentative of today, given the increased prevalence of risk factors such as diabetes, pesticides, and physical inactivity since 2012.