Park7 Protects Against Chronic Kidney Injury And Renal Fibrosis By Inducing Sod2 To Reduce Oxidative Stress
- 1Department of Nephrology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, The Second Xiangya Hospital at Central South University, Changsha, China
- 2Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
Why Does Pd Increase The Risk
The nervous system refers to the nerves in the body and how they work together. Our bodies have 2 kinds of nervous systems, autonomic and somatic. The somatic nervous system includes the nerves that we can control, like those that help move our muscles. The autonomic nervous system controls the things that happen without us thinking about them.3
PD causes damage to nerves in the brain that control movement. That same damage can occur to other parts of the brain, affecting the ANS. In PD, this can look like arrythmias and orthostatic hypotension.3
When we move from laying down to sitting or from sitting to standing, gravity pulls blood down to our feet. The body uses the ANS to prevent low blood pressure when this occurs. Orthostatic hypotension, or big drops in blood pressure when changing positions, happens when the ANS is not able to do its job.3
The ANS also controls our heart rate. When it is not working properly, it does not send the right signals to the heart. This can result in a heart rate that is too fast, too slow, or irregular. This can decrease the amount of blood reaching the brain and body.3
Isolation Of Nuclear Proteins
Isolation of nuclear proteins in cells was conducted by using a kit from Beyotime . Briefly, cells were centrifuged at 1000g for 5 minutes, and cell pellets were resuspended in buffer A . After incubation on ice for 15 minutes, the suspension was centrifuged at 14,000g for 5 minutes at 4°C to collect the nuclear pellets. The nuclear pellets were resuspended in cold buffer B and vortexed every 20 seconds for 30minutes. Finally, nuclear extracts were cleared by centrifugation at 14000g for 10 minutes to collect supernatants for immunoblotting.
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Bonus #2 The Bonus Is: Free Lifetime Email Service
Theres a good chance that youll need help at one point or the other during your program. This feature lets you get in touch with their qualified expert team of natural health professionals from any location and at any time. You can ask their customer support staff any questions you have about the program. The team also conducts frequent reviews with customers to assess how they are doing over time.
Who Are The Creators
The folks behind The Kidney Disease Solution are Duncan Capicchiano and Fiona Chin. Theyre both qualified Naturopaths from Melbourne, Australia. With more than 13 health therapists from their Melbourne clinic, they have been able to help thousands of patients live healthier lives.
Duncan received from the Australian College of Natural Medicine his advanced Diploma in Naturopathy. He also has additional training and diplomas in Craniosacral therapy, Kinesiology, Homeopathy, and Nutrition and Herbal Medicine.
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Park7 Translocates Into Nucleus And Positively Regulates Sod2 Expression During Renal Fibrosis
Figure 9 PARK7 translocates into nucleus and positively regulates SOD2 expression during renal fibrosis. BUMPT cells were cultured in medium with/without 5 ng/ml TGFB1 for 24 hours. Representative images of immunofluorescence staining of PARK7 in BUMPT cells. Bar:50m. Representative immunoblot of PARK7, LaminB1 , and GAPDH in cytosolic and nuclear fractions. Animals and their treatment were the same as described in Figure 2. Representative immunoblot of SOD2 and GAPDH. Densitometry of SOD2 signals . BUMPT cells were transfected with Park7 siRNA or PARK7 overexpression plasmid. 24 hours after transfection, the cells were cultured in medium with or without 5 ng/ml TGFB1 for another 24 hours. Representative immunoblot of SOD2 and GAPDH. Densitometry of SOD2 signals . The signal of SOD2 was normalized to the GAPDH signal of the same samples to determine the ratios. The values are expressed as fold change over control cells. Sod2 mRNA expression. Each symbol represents an independent experiment or an individual mouse. Error bars: SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.
What Type Of Pain Occurs With Parkinsons Disease
The types of pain associated with Parkinsons include: aching or burning pain from muscles or skeleton, sharp pain from a nerve or nerve root, numbness or pins and needles pain also radiating from a nerve or nerve root, pulsing or aching pain that results from tightness or ongoing twisting and writhing movements , restlessness caused from akathisia, and sudden, sharp burning pain that occurs for no known reason.
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What Are The Symptoms That May Be Clues To The Onset Of Parkinsons Disease
There are many potential symptoms and/or signs that may herald the earliest features and/or evidence supporting a diagnosis of Parkinsons disease. It is estimated that a person must lose approximately 60% of the dopamine producing cells in the brain , before noticeable changes will be detected. This cell loss always occurs befor the symptoms that set off the suspicion in patients, family members, or even doctors . This situation of a threshold of cell loss that must be eclipsed for appearance of symptoms can be compared to what may occur in patients who experience kidney failure. When a kidney begins to malfunction, approximately 75% or more of its cells are lost, and those cells are unrecoverable. Frustratingly, for kidney failure failure patients, the routine laboratory tests are almost never abnormal, and only hint abnormality when the failure process has already begun. In Parkinsons disease, as in kidney failure, a threshold of cells must be lost before one manifests symptoms.
Treatment For Constipation In Parkinsons Disease
Your doctor may suggest various treatments to help combat constipation, including:
- dietary changes, including more fibre rather than refined or highly processed foods, and water
- avoidance of unnecessary medicines that contain substances known to cause constipation
- laxatives, particularly agents that bulk and lubricate the stools
- treatment for any other medical problem that may be contributing to your constipation, such as haemorrhoids .
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How Does It Work
You dont need to follow each of the available remedies and the various diet programs. The Kidney Disease Solution approaches each treatment holistically. Individuals will have to treat their condition based on their kidney disease situation. It will also depend on their specific requirements.
For example, people who have hypertension, kidney stones, or diabetes might have to go through different therapies and diet programs.
There are a plethora of specific natural remedies that you will need to take daily to treat your condition. Moreover, theres a cookbook included. Your diet significantly affects your condition. You need specific recipes to properly encourage your body to function healthily.
All the treatments theyve included are based on the latest developments from several research and studies. These studies on kidney health and kidney treatment are conducted worldwide.
With their holistic approach, they encourage you to do meditation yoga and exercises. The guided meditations can be found in audio format.
Since one of the main reasons for the degrade in health is stress, they also provide guided meditation exercises to help with dealing with stress. This can also be used to help improve your sleep quality.
If youre new to yoga, then you are able to follow their video of morning yoga flow exercises. Antonella Milo, a world-renowned yogini, instructs it. This is programmed to energize you throughout the day. Can Chronic Kidney Disease Cause ParkinsonS Disease
What Can I Expect If I Have This Condition
Parkinsons disease is a degenerative condition, meaning the effects on your brain get worse over time. However, this condition usually takes time to get worse. Most people have a normal life span with this condition.
You’ll need little to no help in the earlier stages and can keep living independently. As the effects worsen, youll need medication to limit how the symptoms affect you. Most medications, especially levodopa, are moderately or even very effective once your provider finds the minimum dose you need to treat your symptoms.
Most of the effects and symptoms are manageable with treatment, but the treatments become less effective and more complicated over time. Living independently will also become more and more difficult as the disease worsens.
How long does Parkinsons disease last?
Parkinsons disease isnt curable, which means its a permanent, life-long condition.
Whats the outlook for Parkinsons disease?
Parkinson’s disease isn’t fatal, but the symptoms and effects are often contributing factors to death. The average life expectancy for Parkinson’s disease in 1967 was a little under 10 years. Since then, the average life expectancy has increased by about 55%, rising to more than 14.5 years. That, combined with the fact that Parkinson’s diagnosis is much more likely after age 60, means this condition doesn’t often affect your life expectancy by more than a few years .
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What Causes Parkinsons Disease
- Exposure to pesticides, toxins and chemicals. This includes occupational exposure to chemicals, pesticide residues on fruit and vegetables as well as exposure to bug sprays in the home.
- Exposure to aluminium. High levels of aluminium have been detected in the brain of Parkinsons disease patients.
- Head trauma or stroke.
- Genetic factors are responsible for a small number of cases.
- Autoimmune disease. Parkinson’s disease shares some features with autoimmune conditions.
- Deficiency of folate acid in the diet. Folate is vitamin B9 and is predominantly found in green leafy vegetables, as well as oranges, asparagus, lentils and chickpeas.
- High levels of inflammation in the body. There are several possible causes, including antioxidant deficiencies and diets high in omega 6 polyunsaturated fats.
- Women who have had both ovaries surgically removed are at approximately twice the risk of developing Parkinsons disease.
What To Do With Deep Brain Stimulation At The End Of Life
Deep brain stimulation uses an Implantable Pulse Generator, usually placed in the infraclavicular area, connected to leads within the brain. There is a remote programmer, and also a charging unit in the case of a rechargeable device, which are given to the patient and their carer. It improves dyskinesias and also has a levodopa sparing effect.37
Deactivation of DBS may lead to increased symptom burden as mentioned in the section above and so awareness of features of PHS should be considered if there is failure at the end of life. Supportive treatment should be given if possible,38 and anticipation of symptoms of distress from rigidity and fever.
After death, deactivation of the device with the patients handheld programmer is required before removing the pulse generator and battery in the case of a cremation.
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Toilet Habits And Constipation In Parkinsons Disease
Suggestions for good toilet habits include:
- Go to the toilet as soon as you feel the urge to pass a bowel motion. Hanging on can contribute to constipation.
- Use the correct posture on the toilet to help you pass a bowel motion place your elbows on your knees, bulge out your stomach, straighten your spine and put your feet on a footstool.
- Avoid holding your breath and dont strain when you are on the toilet. Allow yourself plenty of time.
- Use a warm washcloth pressed against your back passage or gently massage with one or two fingers to help to relax the muscles.
- Talk to your doctor or pharmacist about medicines to help soften your bowel motions.
Kidney Disease Kidney Failure Symptoms And Treatment How Palliative Care Can Help
The challenges of kidney disease and kidney failure can be profound. In addition to the physical and emotional issues, you and your family also have to make difficult decisions about your care.
Palliative care specialists partner with you, your family, your kidney doctor and other health professionals to provide pain and symptom management, communication, coordination of care, and family caregiver support.
Managing symptoms is a big part of palliative care. Blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, depression, anxiety, other conditions, or treatments may cause symptoms. Working closely with your kidney doctor, the palliative care team will help control your symptoms through medicines and other therapies.
The team will also help you make critical decisions about your treatment options, including the one treatment offered to nearly every patient with advancing kidney disease: dialysis.
The team will help you match your goals to your treatment choices. They will help you understand and decide what dialysis might add to your quality of life. And they will help you balance that against any drawbacks.
Palliative care specialists can also help you decide when treatment might be more of a burden than a benefit. Whatever your treatment choice, the palliative care team will work side-by-side with your nephrologist and/or transplant team to support you.
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What Is The History Of Parkinsons Disease
Parkinsons disease, sometimes erroneously termed paralysis agitans, was described in the Indian medical system of Ayurveda , and also by Galen who referred to it as the shaking palsy. Perhaps the most interesting reference came from Shakespeare who wrote in Henry VI why dost thou quiver man. The character in the story responds by saying the palsy and not the fear provokes me. The use of the term Parkinsons disease was largely credited to the highly influential 19th century French Neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot, although it should be noted that many people prior to Parkinson himself described the disease. James Parkinson a Londoner and son of an apothecary and surgeon is credited with the eponym for his 1817 essay on the shaking palsy. His descriptions included six cases only three of which were actually examined .
Kidney Disease Kidney Failure And Palliative Care
Kidney disease includes conditions that damage your kidneys and decrease their ability to keep you healthy. If kidney disease gets worse, wastes can build to high levels in your blood and make you feel sick. You may develop complications like high blood pressure, anemia , weak bones, poor nutritional health and nerve damage.
Kidney disease also increases your risk of having heart and blood vessel disease. These problems may happen slowly over a long period of time. Diabetes, high blood pressure and other disorders can cause Kidney disease. Early detection and treatment can often keep chronic kidney disease from getting worse. Kidney disease may lead to kidney failure which requires dialysis or a kidney transplant.
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Fluids For Constipation In Parkinsons Disease
Be guided by your doctor, but general suggestions include:
- Try to drink six to eight glasses of fluid every day. Water is best, but you can also include fluid in the form of soup, juice, tea and coffee.
- Limit drinks that cause dehydration such as alcohol, tea and coffee.
- Spread your drinks throughout the day.
How Does This Kidney Disease Solution Program Work
The ebook, cookbook, and audio materials guide patients through the process of treatment step-by-step. The ebook contains guidelines on how to change your lifestyle in order to improve your kidney health. At the same time the cookbook offers special recipes to help support kidney function and health. Additionally, it offers several natural remedies that could aid in treating your illness.
The audio materials provide guided meditation and exercises and the morning flow of yoga. The guided meditation audio is effective in relieving anxiety and improves sleep quality. Morning yoga flow exercises, led by renowned yogini Antonella Milo, aim to energize you for the day while supporting kidney health.
Overall, the collection of materials provides a holistic and natural approach to treating kidney disease. By incorporating simple lifestyle changes as well as releasing stress through meditation and yoga exercises, you will be able to be rid of the pain and discomfort caused by kidney disease.
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The Benefits That Come From Kidney Disease Solution
With this program, here are the benefits you could expect to see with your kidney health and function:
- A comprehensive and holistic approach to treating kidney disease.
- An all-natural approach to treatment that doesnt make use of medications, supplements or other procedures
- Lowering kidney load and reducing the build-up of toxin in the kidneys
- Better overall health by simple lifestyle modifications
- Improved diet through knowing the foods to eat, and what to avoid for healthy kidneys
- Reduced stress and improved sleeping through guided meditation and yoga exercises
- Greater vitality throughout the day
Bonus #: Free Lifetime Updates
The creators regularly make improvements to the program based on the most recent research as well as medical advances. When you purchase the program, you will be able to access any future updates and enhancements for free. Customers who purchase the program will get priority access to the latest innovations.
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What Is The Best Test For My Doctor To Order To Diagnose Parkinsons Disease
There is no reliable blood test to diagnose Parkinsons disease. The best way to make a diagnosis is to have a neurological examination by someone experienced in the care of Parkinsons disease patients. There are diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of Parkinsons disease , which usually include:
I: Is Bradykinesia (slowness of movement present?
II: Are two of the below present?
___ Rigidity
___ 4-6 Hertz resting tremor
___ Postural instability not caused by primary visual, vestibular, cerebellar,
proprioceptive dysfunction
III: Are at least 3 of the below present?
___ Unilateral onset
___ Persistent asymmetry affecting side of onset most
___ Excellent response to levodopa
___ Severe levodopa induced dyskinesia
___ Levodopa response for 5 years or more
___ Clinical course of 5 years or more
Very rarely, there exists confusion about the diagnosis, and in these cases other tests such as Positron Emission Tomography, and Beta SPECT scanning may be useful .
Learn more about Parkinson Disease and its treatment by watching videos from our educational Parkinson Symposiums
Read more about Parkinsons Disease in Dr. Michael S. Okuns Book, Ask the Doctor about Parkinsons Disease. Dr. Okun works at the University of Florida Gainesville, and also serves as the National Medical Director for the Parkinsons Foundation.